Why should you choose Indian Hospitals for Brain and Neuro Surgery?

There are many reasons why so many patients from all over the world come to indian hospitals for various types of treatments related to Brain and other Neurological disorders. Following are the most common reasons. 

The term neurosurgery covers both brain and spine surgeries. Basic neurosurgeries in India are performed at more than 2000 hospitals, but the more 
complexneurosurgeries in India are performed at around 200 super specialty top neurosurgery hospitals. Of these, about 20 are top of the line neurosurgery hospitals in India, while the others perform high-end neurosurgeries. These neurosurgery hospitals in India have the latest equipment, highly experienced neurosurgeons and extremely strong support teams as well. The number ofneurosurgeons in India who perform complex neurosurgeries numbers well over 1000.

The large number of neurosurgeries in India enables Indian hospitals to offer low-cost neurosurgery in India. Further, cost of neurosurgery in India is amongst the lowest in the world.

Highly Skilled and Experienced Neurosurgeons and Neurologists

Indian Network Hospitals in India have dedicated Neurology and Neurosurgery Department. The neurosurgeons operate with the most advanced technology systems. They use an image-guided management system for an improved perspective on the progress of complex brain surgeries. It can also help reduce the need for patients to undergo additional surgeries. The neurosurgeons have the expertise in Computer-assisted brain surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery.

Awake Brain Surgery, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and other complex surgical procedures related to brain and nervous system. They have been trained and have worked in some of the leading Brain Surgery Centres across the world. They work with a multi-disciplinary team of doctors that consists of neurologists, neuro-oncologists), neuroradiologists, orthopaedicsurgeons, ENT specialists, endocrinologists, general medicine and rehabilitation, pain medicine, and other areas to provide the most appropriate treatment for your condition.

Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (iMRI)

The neurosurgeons at Indin hospitals in India use a high-resolution intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) while performing brain surgeries. This helps them to see the brain tumours while performing surgery thereby greatly reducing the risk of damaging other parts of the brain. Moreover this also helps to confirm the successful removal of the entire tumour. The Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) is used during the surgery to remove brain tumors and pituitary tumors with greater accuracy and safety. It is also used to place deep brain stimulator systems .

Computer-assisted Brain Surgery

In Computer-assisted Brain Surgery, various imaging technologies, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computerized Tomography (CT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) are used to create a 3-D model of the brain. The computer system precisely guides the neurosurgeon to the area/s of your brain requiring treatment. This helps the neurosurgeons to plan the safest way to treat your condition with greater degree of accuracy. The computer-assisted surgery helps a lot in performing Awake Brain Surgery. Computer-assisted techniques is also be usedin treating brain tumours and other lesions with precisely focused beams of radiation using stereotactic radiosurgery.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)

Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) uses precisely focused radiation beams to treat brain tumours and other abnormal growths in the brain. The advantage of modern Stereotactic Radiosurgery is, it delivers high doses of radiation to the tumour with minimal exposure to surrounding healthy tissue. A multidisciplinary team of experts plan the treatment and carefully monitor doses to avoid the risk of radiation overexposure.Unlike traditional radiation therapy, in this treatment, no incision is made. This minimizes the chances of infection or excessive bleeding. A plan has to be developed before undergoing this surgery. A multi-disciplinary team of doctors plan an appropriate treatment for you depending on thetype of tumour, location and size.

Awake Brain Surgery

In an Awake Brain Surgery you're awake during the surgery. Awake Brain Surgery is done by expert brain surgeons to treat some brain conditions such asbrain tumors or epileptic seizures. Awake Brain Surgery allows yourbrain surgeon to work directly with you in order to locate critical functional tissue of the brain. This process is called mapping. Once the brain has been exposed, you will be awakened and the brain is stimulated to determine the function of each area of tissue. You may be awake during surgery to respond to your surgeon. Your responses will help the surgeon to ensure that he is treating the precise area of your brain that needs surgery. Awake Brain Surgery is mainly done if your tumor is near the parts of your brain that control movement or speech. Awake Brain Surgery helps in lowering the risk of damage to functional areas of your brain. In Awake brain surgery the important areas of the brain can be avoided and preserved during surgery.

Minimally Invasive Brain Surgery

Minimally invasive brain surgeries are commonly done at Indian hospitals in India. The hospitals have expert surgeons who specialise in minimally invasive brain surgery techniques. In a minimally invasive brain surgery , the brain surgeons insert two small tubes and use what are called endoscopes. One tube carries a fibre optic camera and light source, the other carries miniaturized surgical instruments. The surgeons operate by watching a TV monitor.

In the traditional way of doing a brain tumour surgery, a more invasive approach was used to remove tumors close to the brainstem. The surgery took much longer time and was performed through an incision behind and below the ear. This took hours of bone drilling to reach the tumor. Since it was an open surgery, the risks were more. Nowadays, with the development of technology and expertise, some of the brain surgeries can be done through nose. The technique is called the endoscopic expanded endonasal brain tumour surgery. 

This technique allows neurosurgeons to pass a camera and specialized surgical instruments to the back of the nasal passage and directly to various regions of the skull base, without scarring and with a shorter recovery. Even though this technique was first described decades ago for pituitary tumor surgery, but recent advancements have helped to use the endonasal approach to safely remove tumors in a variety of other critical skull-base locations. There are very few surgeons in the world who have the expertise to use this technique in brain tumour surgery. At our network hospitals in India, you will find some expert neurosurgeons who have successfully performed many brain tumour surgeries using this technique. Some of the benefits of Endoscopic TransnasalBrain Tumour Surgery are No Brain Retraction, Faster Recovery Time, No Facial Scars, Fewer Complications and shorter Hospital Stays.

Some people with metastatic brain tumors don't show any symptoms... : MRI Guided Brain Tumor Surgery in India

What Is It?

A metastatic brain tumor is cancer that has spread (metastasized) from another part of the body to the brain. It is also called a secondary tumor, lesion or brain metastasis (plural: metastases). In contrast, a primary brain tumor starts in the brain, not in another part of the body.

A tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue. It occurs when cells divide more than they should or don't die when they should.

Cancers that spread to the brain can originate in any part of the body. The original tumor is called the primary tumor. Metastatic brain tumors most commonly originate in the lung, breast, skin, colon, and kidney. A very aggressive form of skin cancer called melanoma often spreads to the brain.

Brain metastases occur when cancer cells break away from a primary tumor. They travel to the brain, usually through the bloodstream. These cancer cells may settle in the brain and continue growing. Sometimes only one secondary brain tumor occurs. But in many cases there are multiple lesions.

The brain is a complex organ enclosed in the skull. Among other things, it serves as the body's center of

• thought
• memory
• emotion
• speech
• vision
• hearing
• movement.

Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of secondary brain tumors depend on their size and location. This is because different parts of the brain control different functions.

As a tumor grows, it can press against or destroy normal brain tissue. It can also increase pressure inside the skull.

Signs and symptoms of brain metastases include

• headaches
• seizures
• visual changes, such as double vision
• lack of energy and/or sleepiness
• vomiting
• changes in mood, behavior, or personality
• weakness in parts of the body
• trouble speaking or hearing
• problems with memory or mental ability
• loss of balance or coordination.

These symptoms are not necessarily signs of brain metastases. But it is important to contact your doctor if you experience any of them.

Some people with metastatic brain tumors don't show any symptoms. However, over time, the brain metastases will continue to grow, eventually causing symptoms.

Diagnosis

The first step in diagnosis is usually a physical exam. Your doctor will check for general signs of disease. He or she will also ask about your health habits and past illnesses and treatments.

The following tests and procedures may be used to determine whether you have cancer that has spread to your brain.

Neurological and visual exams. These tests assess the your mental and physical abilities, including

• alertness
• muscle strength
• coordination
• reflexes
• response to pain
• eyesight

Tumor marker test. A sample of blood, urine, or tissue is taken. Levels of certain substances that may indicate the presence of cancer are measured.

Imaging tests:

• Computed tomography (CT) scan. An x-ray camera rotates around the body. It makes detailed, cross-sectional images of the brain.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Radio waves and strong magnets produce detailed pictures of the brain. MRI is better than CT at finding metastatic brain tumors.
• Positron emission tomography (PET) scan. Radioactive glucose (sugar) is injected into the patient's vein. A rotating scanner highlights areas where cells are consuming the glucose. (Cancer cells use more glucose than normal cells.) PET scans may be used before or after treatment.

Lumbar puncture (spinal tap). Assuming it can be done safely, the doctor may want to remove cerebral spinal fluid from the lower back with a needle in some cases. The fluid is then checked for cancer cells.

Angiogram. A contrast dye is injected into the bloodstream and x-rays are taken. This allows the doctor to examine blood vessels and blood flow in the brain. It may identify blockages such as tumors. However, this procedure is less common than in the past because MRI can often provide the same information.

Biopsy. A small piece of tumor tissue is removed for examination. The tumor tissue may be tested for certain substances that provoke an immune response. It will also be analyzed for changes in the cells and their genetic material.

Biopsy can be done using a needle inserted through a hole in the skull. Or it may be done during surgery to remove a tumor.

Sometimes a biopsy can't be done safely because of the tumor location. In this case, the doctor uses imaging and other tests to make the diagnosis.

Sometimes the primary cancer is discovered after the patient is diagnosed with metastatic brain tumors. If brain lesions are the first sign of cancer, various imaging tests may be done to search for the primary tumor

MRI Guided Brain Tumor Surgery in India

MRI Guided Brain Tumor Surgery is an advanced imaging treatment technique developed to enable neurosurgeons with intra-operative MRI to aid in the removal of complex and difficult-to-access brain tumors during surgery. The technique involves use of a powerful computer system that precisely helps neurosurgeon locate a lesion, plan each step of the procedure on computer screen and find out the ideal access to the tumor before performing the operation.

The technique is particularly helpful in treating a tumor that has difficult accessibility such as it is located deep inside the brain. During the procedure, the instrument movement is tracked very precisely by the computer providing surgeon with total control inside the brain with the help of real-time imaging. The technique also helps the surgeon to check if the tumor has been removed.

The Brain Suite has two main parts. There is a high-intensity MRI scanner integrated with an image-guided surgical system. The MRI scanner has a wide-bore opening allowing a patient to lie on his or her side. Previously, tumors that could only be accessed from the side of the skull were not easy to scan. This special MRI system lets doctors repeat scans during the operation to get more accurate information on the location, shape and size of the tumor. This minimizes problems associated with brain tumors shifting during excision.

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