TREATMENT OF CHILDHOOD BRAIN TUMORS IN INDIA

The world of childhood brain tumors has no “Welcome” sign leading into it. No matter what anyone says to minimize the situation, this statement is the most painful sentence a human can hear. The combination of fear, shock and pain can be too much to bear.

“To see such innocence, so roughly shaken by this terrible trial, at such a young age, is nothing short of incomprehensible.” I still hear this sentence, uttered by a visibly shaken parent. Instead of becoming more routine and distant, the visceral terror that it engendered in me (the supposed all-knowing physician/advisor), my delivery of such information has grown more and more difficult, even personal. I watch my own small children grow and develop. As a physician, one realizes that more than ever, there is no place for impersonal behavior when caring for the children who are afflicted by a brain tumor, benign or otherwise, and for their families as well. No amount of experience or training can help one to ease or minimize the situation.

When we discuss special areas such as:

• Outcome: Does “excellent long-term results” mean a ten-year survival for a 3-year old– your child living long enough to be frustrated by death at the age of thirteen? We parents think only of 50 and 60 year plans. Five- and ten-year plans are unacceptable. We want to know that our grandchildren will not live to see their parents die at a young age.

• Quality of life: Does that mean that a 5-year old child will have no hair, be skinny and slow to walk and play with his friends and classmates? How can we parents bear to live through the process of trying to give our child a childhood instead of a world of I.V. tubes, doctors who speak of life-and-death, hospital corridors and toys that our children will never play with?

• Doctors: Who are they? Can we do anything to keep them human, warm, and caring for our child? How do we deal with our own resentment for the fearful news, difficult therapies and their human frailty? How do we keep our child happy to see them? Most children cringe at the mere mention of visiting a doctor-with-a-shot-to-give, or a visit to the dentist with his drills and instruments.

• Hospitals: How do we keep these innocents away from such large and frightening monoliths?

• We parents: How can we possibly bear all of this without frightening our little, loving child?

• Hope: Yes, there IS hope! God and goodness are your guide. Your child is truly a precious gift. No matter what cards we are dealt, a child’s joy and innocence are somehow never lost. In the worst of times, a child’s pain often becomes the parent’s teacher. And when we expect the best for our children, we often get it despite all odds.

TREATMENT OF CHILDHOOD BRAIN TUMORS
Surgery:- In some cases the definitive treatment is surgery. In most, however, surgery serves as a temporizing measure that will keep a child out of trouble for long enough to get through definitive therapy that will hopefully eliminate of the tumor. Brain surgery is usually the easiest part of a child’s treatment.
Shunting:- Quite often (e.g. medulloblastomas) childhood tumors present the blockage of the fluid spaces of the brain, (obstructive hydrocephalus). In shunting, a thin silastic tube (the shunt) is placed into the fluid spaces of the brain and passed under the skin into the child’s abdomen where the fluid is absorbed.
Chemotherapy:- Unfortunately, chemotherapy is the hard part of brain tumor treatment. It is only required for more aggressive tumors. As a rule, chemotherapy should be even more aggressive than the tumor itself. The trials which are imposed both on the child and parents are many. Bravery and an unremitting attitude of hope are required by all involved.
Radiation:- Because the developing brain of a child is so very sensitive to radiation therapy, it is deliberately limited. The irony of effective radiation therapy is that when it works well, the brain damage it causes might exceed that done by the original tumor. More often than not, your doctor will recommend that if any radiation is to be given, it should be held off until the child has grown older and the brain has sufficiently matured.
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• The treatment of these tumors usually include a combination of approaches, each tailored to deal with the problems that children are presented with:

What Are the Symptoms of a Brain Tumor in Adults? : BRAIN TUMOR TREATMENT IN INDIA

Symptoms of brain tumors vary according to the type of tumor and the location. Because different areas of the brain control different functions of the body, where the tumor lies affects the way symptoms are manifested.

Some tumors have no symptoms until they are quite large and then cause a serious, rapid decline in health. Other tumors may have symptoms that develop slowly.

A common initial symptom of a brain tumor is headaches. Often, they don't respond to the usual headache remedies. Keep in mind that most headaches are unrelated to brain tumors.

Other symptoms include:

·         Seizures

·         Changes in speech or hearing

·         Changes in vision

·         Balance problems

·         Problems with walking

·         Numbness or tingling in the arms or legs

·         Problems with memory

·         Personality changes

·         Inability to concentrate

·         Weakness in one part of the body

It's important to keep in mind that these symptoms can be caused by a number of different conditions. Don't assume you have a brain tumor just because you experience some of them. Check with your doctor.

How Are Brain Tumors Diagnosed?

To diagnose a brain tumor, the doctor starts by asking questions about your symptoms and taking a personal and family health history. Then he or she performs a physical exam, including a neurological exam. If there's reason to suspect a brain tumor, the doctor may request one or more of the following tests:

·      Imaging studies such as a CT(CAT) scan or MRI to see detailed images of the brain

·     Angiogram or MRA, which involve the use of dye and X-rays of blood vessels in the brain to look for signs of a tumor or abnormal blood vessels

The doctor may also ask for a biopsy to determine whether or not the tumor is cancer. A tissue sample is removed from the brain either during surgery to remove the tumor or with a needle inserted through a small hole drilled into the skull before treatment is started. The sample is then sent to a lab for testing.

HOW TO TREAT BRAIN TUMORS

• Tumors near the surface of the brain may be surgically removed. In many cases, however, it is only possible to remove a portion of a tumor, since taking it all out would cause unacceptable amounts of brain damage. Still, removing even part of it may afford a period of improvement by relieving pressure within the cranium.
• Tumors deep within the brain may be treated with microsurgery, laser surgery, or radiation therapy.
• For malignant primary tumors, surgery may be followed with radiation or chemotherapy. Surgery may also be preceded by radiation.
• Your doctor may prescribe corticosteroids to reduce swelling of brain tissue, anticonvulsant drugs to control seizures, and pain relievers.

Treatment for brain tumors is based on many factors, such as:

• Your age, overall health, and medical history
• The type, location, and size of the tumor
• How likely the tumor is to spread or recur
• Your tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies

Treatment for these symptoms may include:

• Antiseizure/Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs)
• Steroids
• Surgery

Often, low-grade tumors (grade I and II), which are not aggressive, are treated with watchful monitoring or surgery alone. Though all tumors are monitored with repeat scans, grade II tumors are watched more closely after surgery and over time to make sure there is no recurrence.

Higher grade tumors (grade III and IV), which are malignant and can grow quickly, are more difficult to remove and require additional treatments beyond surgery, such as radiation, chemotherapy, or a clinical trial if one is available. Microscopic tumor cells can remain after surgery and will eventually grow back. All treatments, therefore, are intended to prolong and improve life for as long as possible.

Additional treatment options for high-grade tumors include:

• Radiation therapy: X-rays and other forms of radiation can destroy tumor cells or delay tumor growth.
• Chemotherapy: The use of drugs to kill rapidly dividing cells. It can be taken orally or intravenously.
• Targeted therapy: The focus on a specific element of a cell, such as molecules or pathways required for cell growth, in order to use them as a target
  
  
  

Indian hospitals to offer low-cost neurosurgery in India

Neurosurgery in India is a very good option for abroad patients seeking low cost and safe surgical treatment for the correction of their disorders. Medical tourism in India provides very good assistance to international patients for their comfortable treatment in India. For neurosurgery, patients must find surgeons who are appropriately trained. Another factor to consider is cost and reimbursement. And finally, patients need to be aware that like any new medical technology, this surgery carries with it a certain level of unknown technical risks. SinceNeurosurgery  in india it is still a relatively new procedure in India with a certain level of risks. The cost of Neurosurgery in India is very less compared to that of its cost in other developed countries. Most advanced surgery hospitals for Neurosurgery  in India are in most prominent cities of India.

The large number of neurosurgeries in India enables Indian hospitals to offer low-cost neurosurgery in India. Further, cost of neurosurgery in India is amongst the lowest in the world.

The neurosurgeries performed at hospitals in India include the following

• ·         Surgery of the Skull Base
• ·         Micro Vascular Surgery
• ·         Brain Surgery for Epilepsy
• ·         Interventional Neuroradiology
• ·         Neurological Endoscopy
• ·         Non-Invasive Stereotactic Radiosurgery
• ·         Craniotomy
• ·         Surgery for DBS (Deep Brain Stimulation)
• ·         Spine Decompression Surgery
• ·         Spine Decompression with Fusion
• ·         Laminectomy
• ·         Spine Disc Replacement
• ·         Scoliosis Surgery
• ·         Endoscopic Discectomy
• ·         Spina Bifida

Neurosurgeons in India gravitate towards super specialisation in focus areas such as interventional neuroradiology, skull base surgeries, paediatric neurosurgery, etc. Unlike in the past when orthopaedic surgeons used to perform some spine surgeries, spine surgeries are now performed at leading hospitals in India exclusively by surgeons specially trained in spine surgery.

Success rates of Neurosurgery in India very often exceed international standards. Further, neurosurgery cost in India, is amongst the lowest in the world.

Cost of Neurosurgery in India

The cost of neurosurgery in India is truly economical. Some examples:

·         Neurosurgery cost in India for the removal of Pituitary Gland Tumour : Cost of Neurosurgery in India for the excision of pituitary tumour will involve an expenditure of US dollars three thousand to six thousand. The comparable cost of neurosurgery in the USA would be approximately 5 times as much.

·         Neurosurgery cost in India for Lumbar Spine Fusion: Cost of Neurosurgery in India for this procedure will be approximately US dollars 5000. The comparable cost of neurosurgery in the USA would be US dollars 20,000 at least

·         

Neurosurgery cost in India for spine decompression: Cost of Neurosurgery in India for this procedure would be between US dollars 6000; the cost of neurosurgery in the USA would be at least four times as much

Leading neurosurgery hospitals in India rank amongst the finest in the world. They combine the best of human resources in terms of highly qualified neurosurgeons, neurologists, interventional radiologists, interventional neuroradiologists and the best of material resources in terms of hospital infrastructure and medical equipment.

Why should you choose to get Neurology & Endovascular Neurosurgery in India?

Neurosurgery in India's top hospitals is extremely successful on account of the world class operation theatres and cutting edge technology that is available to neurosurgeons in India. For example:

·        

Indian doctors are known all over the world for their skill and knowledge and have the experience of studying and working at the best neuron surgery hospitals in the world.

·         Most advanced Technology Infrastructure - Blood Bank with 24 hour apharesis facility, advanced laboratory and microbiology (infection control) support, advanced cardiology, DSA and interventional radiology, portable and colour ultra-sonology, Liver Fibro-scan, 64 slice CT scanner, 3 T MRI, PET-CT and nephrology (including 24 hour dialysis and CVVHD).

·         Neurosurgery Hospitals in India are equipped with the latest and high end technology.

·         Cost of epilepsy surgery in India at best brain surgery hospitals in India is very low as compared to the cost at best hospitals in America or UK with the same level of care and services.

Treatment of brain and spine disorders are becoming less invasive with the advent of better imaging and interventional technologies. Interventional neuroradiologists in India now offer a wide range of minimally invasive neurosurgeries through angioplasty, placement of stents, treatment of vascular tumors, large aneurysm, embolization for resolution of arteriovenous malformations, etc

Rehabilitation care at hospitals for neurosurgery in India:

In the aftermath of complex neurosurgery, several patients will require intense physical and neuro rehabilitation. Leading hospitals for neurosurgery in Indiahave specialised equipment as well as rehabilitation specialists. Rehabilitation post neurosurgery is targeted in the following areas:

• ·        Functional Therapy
• ·         Mobility of Patients
• ·         Enhanced Movement Therapy
  
  
  
  

  
  

  
  

  
  

  
  

  
  

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Brain Tumors That Cause Epilepsy : Best Neurosurgery Hospital in India

Brain Tumors That Cause Epilepsy

Some brain tumors can cause seizures over many years without causing any other symptoms. These tumors are generally very slow growing, benign tumors. The goals of surgery in such a situation are to cure both the epilepsy and the tumor. As it turns out, these goals have an extremely high likelihood of success.


Glial Tumors

Astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas arise from cells in the brain called glia. These cells surround the neurons and support their metabolic and physiologic functions. Glial tumors come in two varieties, fast-growing and slow-growing.

Fast-growing glial tumors often come to the patient's attention because of a neurological symptom, such as weakness or loss of vision. This type of tumor may also cause seizures, but because of the onset of the neurological symptoms, the tumor is generally discovered early on, perhaps after only one or two seizures. Faster-growing tumors, called anaplastic astrocytomas or glioblastomas, often come back after surgery.

Patients who have had multiple seizures for 3 years or more generally have the slow-growing type of tumor. Slow-growing glial tumors represent as many as 70% of tumors that cause epilepsy in the general population. These tumors are more common in adults with epilepsy; they may not be seen on a CT scan if the tumor is very small. Experience has shown that a complete surgical removal of these tumors can lead to excellent seizure control with a good chance of a cure. As a rule, the longer the patient has had seizures, the slower the growth rate of the tumor, and the greater the chance for a cure. Depending on the type of surgery performed, as many as 80-90% of patients stop having seizures after surgery. A recurrence of seizures, even many years after the surgery, may indicate a re-growth of the tumor. For this reason, patients with glial tumors should have an MRI scan on a yearly basis to ensure that their tumor has not returned.

Glioneuronal tumors

Gangliogliomas and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNT) are tumors composed of a combination of glial cells and neuronal cells. They are more common in children and are often found in the temporal lobe of the brain. The most common symptom of these tumors is partial seizures, which are often present for several years before the diagnosis is made. These tumors may not appear on CT scan, which contributes to the delay in diagnosis. Gangliogliomas and DNTs are extremely benign tumors and are generally cured with surgery. As opposed to the glial tumors described above, the goal of surgery for glioneuronal tumors is predominantly seizure-control. These tumors are often located next to areas of cortical dysplasia (areas of the brain's cortex that contain tissue abnormalities). Cortical dysplasia occurs as a result of abnormal neuronal development that can cause hyperexcitability in a population of neurons. This area of hyperexcitable neurons is the site of origin of the adjacent seizures. Surgery that removes the tumor tissue but not the adjacent areas of abnormal cortical tissue may not cure the seizures. For this reason, the surgical treatment of epilepsy caused by presumed glioneuronal tumors often requires the use of a technique called electrocorticography.

Electrocorticography
Epileptic seizures in patients with brain tumors do not originate in the tumors themselves, but from the area of the brain next to the tumor. Electrocorticography, or ECoG, is currently the most sensitive method for localizing the area in the brain where the epilepsy starts. This technique must be performed by a neurosurgeon, preferably an epilepsy surgeon. A grid or strip of electrodes is placed on the surface of the brain. Occasionally, a depth electrode can also be placed deep into the brain to record from structures that are difficult to reach with grids and strips. Electrical recordings are then made directly from the brain in the operating room. The surgeon can also leave the electrodes in contact with the brain and thereby monitor the patient for several days in the hospital until a few seizures occur. The recordings are interpreted by a neurologist with the knowledge and experience in distinguishing between normal and abnormal cortical activity.

The use of ECoG in the treatment of low-grade tumors that cause epilepsy is controversial. Some surgeons do not feel that ECoG is necessary to treat epilepsy caused by tumors. It has been demonstrated that removal of the tumor without EcoG guidance can cure epilepsy in as many as 60% of patients. There is mounting evidence, however, that the use of ECoG may help the surgeon cure as many as 80-90% of patients. ECoG allows the surgeon to identify the site of onset of the epilepsy, usually adjacent to the tumor, and remove this area as well. These areas of brain that initiate epilepsy can be normal tissue or, as in glioneuronal tumors, may be areas of cortical dysplasia. Extensive 'mapping' of the brain may also be performed in order to ensure that these epilepsy-producing areas of the brain are not important for other functions such as movement, language, or memory.


Tumors Located in the Temporal Lobe

The temporal lobe is a unique part of the brain. Structures called the "hippocampus" and "amygdala" on one side of the temporal lobe, are important for memory and emotion while structures on the other side, called the "neocortex, are important for language. For reasons that are not well-understood, the hippocampus and amygdala have a very high likelihood of producing seizures, even if the tumor is not contained in these structures. In many circumstances, the greatest chance of curing the seizures will require removal of the hippocampus and amygdala in addition to the tumor. This is a controversial idea since the hippocampus and amygdala may appear to be normal. For this reason, epilepsy doctors have tried to identify which patients would be helped the most if the hippocampus and amygdala were removed.

Probably the most important factor in making the decision to remove these tissues is whether the hippocampus is working and how its removal would affect the patient. This decision requires the aid of a neuropsychologist who can perform a number of psychological tests, including a Wada test. The Wada test uses a drug to put the hippocampus 'to sleep' for a few minutes to simulate the effects of the proposed surgery and thereby helps to predict the effect of the surgery on the patient. It appears that if someone has had seizures for many years, has had seizures since a very young age, has a tumor located very close to the hippocampus, or has evidence that the hippocampus is not functioning, the chance of curing seizures with surgery is much greater if the hippocampus and amygdala are removed in addition to the tumor. Microscopic analysis of the tissue removed at surgery under the above-mentioned circumstances often shows that the hippocampus is, in fact, abnormal.


Closing Thoughts

Tumors that cause epilepsy are some of the most benign tumors found in the brain. The majority can be cured with surgery. In addition, epilepsy caused by tumors has the highest rate of cure after surgery, assuming the proper procedure is performed with ECoG, neuropsychological testing, Wada testing and stimulation mapping. In some cases of temporal lobe epilepsy, removal of the hippocampus may be necessary. For this reason, patients with epilepsy who learn that they may have a brain tumor must realize that this is not necessarily bad news. The prognosis is generally excellent.

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery uses radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors :Gamma Knife Surgery for Brain in India

What is Gamma Knife Surgery or Radiosurgery ?

Gamma Knife radiosurgery, also called stereotactic radiosurgery, is a very precise form of therapeutic radiology. Even though it is called surgery, a Gamma Knife procedure does not involve actual surgery, nor is the Gamma Knife really a knife at all. It uses beams of highly-focused gamma rays to treat small to medium size lesions, usually in the brain. Many beams of gamma radiation join to focus on the lesion under treatment, providing a very intense dose of radiation without a surgical incision or opening.

Gamma Knife radiosurgery is called “surgery” because a result similar to an actual surgical procedure is created by a one-session radiation therapy treatment. The beams of radiation are very precisely focused to reach the tumor, lesion, or other area being treated with minimal effect on surrounding healthy tissue.

Gamma Knife radiosurgery is most often used to treat tumors and other lesions in the brain. It is also used to treat certain neurological conditions, such as trigeminal neuralgia (a condition in which pressure on the trigeminal nerve causes spasms of extreme facial pain) and acoustic neuroma (a noncancerous tumor in the brain that affects the nerves that control hearing).

Gamma Knife radiosurgery may be used in situations where the brain lesion cannot be reached by conventional surgical techniques. It may also be used in persons whose condition is such that they might not be able to tolerate a surgical procedure, such as craniotomy, to treat their condition.

Because the therapeutic effects of a Gamma Knife procedure occur rather slowly over time, it is not used for persons whose condition requires more immediate therapy.

In what cases Gamma Knife Surgery is preferred in India?

Following are the conditions where Gamma Knife Surgery is successfuly used in India:

• Intracranial tumors such as acoustic neuromas, pituitary adenomas, pinealomas, craniopharyngiomas, meningiomas, chordomas, chondrosarcomas, metastases and glial tumors

•Vascular malformations including arteriovenous malformations

•Functional disorders such as Trigeminal neuralgia, Intractable pain , Parkinson’s disease, Essential tremors , Epilepsy and Obsessive-compulsive disorder

What are the advantages of Gamma Knife Surgery over traditional Open Surgeries?

•Non Invasive Procedure
•Very less or no complications
•Done on out patient basis so no admission required
•Cost of gamma kife surgery is lower than that of open surgery
•Minimal harm to the healthy tissue as compared to open surgery
•Very high success rate

Who can perform a Gamma Knife Surgery?

Gamma Knife Surgery is performed by a Neurosurgeon who is very well trained in performing the gamma knife surgery. In India there are some of the very good neurosurgeons for gamma knife surgery.

Back to your normal routine 

Once your treatment is complete, the head frame will be removed. If you had an angiogram, you might have to lie quietly for several more hours. Some patients experience a mild headache or minor swelling where the head frame was attached, but most report no problems. Your doctor will tell you whether or not he wants you to stay overnight for observation or if you can go home immediately. Either way, you should be able to return to work or your normal routine in another day or so.

The effects of your Leksell Gamma Knife treatment will occur over time. Radiation treatments are designed to stop the growth of tumors or lesions, which means they won’t disappear immediately but over a period of weeks or months. Your physician and Leksell Gamma Knife® team will stay in contact with you to assess your progress, which will include follow-up MRI or CT images in the near future and periodic check-ups.

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What's the difference between benign and malignant brain tumours? Latest and Advanced Treatment options for Brain Tumor in India

Brain tumours in adults

In a brain tumour, cells grow abnormally, but this doesn’t mean a tumour is cancerous.

Although brain tumours in adults can be caused by cancer, benign tumours are possible. These may be due to medical conditions or may have no obvious cause.

Primary brain tumours emerge from the various cells that make up the brain and central nervous system and are named based on the kind of cell they first form in. The most common types of adult brain tumours are gliomas, the commonest type of which is called an astrocytoma. These tumours form from cells called astrocytes, which are cells that help support the nerve cells.

The second most common types of adult brain tumours are meningiomas. These form in the meninges, the thin layer of tissue that lines the brain and spinal cord and can grow from a number of different kinds of brain and spinal cord cells.

What's the difference between benign and malignant brain tumours?

Benign brain tumours are non-cancerous. Malignant primary brain tumours are cancers that originate in the brain. They typically grow faster than benign tumours and aggressively invade surrounding tissue. Although brain cancer rarely spreads to other organs, it will spread to other parts of the brain and central nervous system.

Benign brain tumours usually have clearly defined borders and are not usually deeply rooted in brain tissue. This makes them easier to surgically remove, assuming they are in an area of the brain that can be safely operated on. However, even after they've been removed they can still come back, though benign tumours are less likely than malignant ones to recur.

Although benign tumours in other parts of the body can cause problems, they are not generally considered to be a major health problem or to be life threatening. However, even a benign brain tumour can be a serious health problem. Brain tumours damage the cells around them by causing inflammation and putting increased pressure on the tissue under and around it as well as inside the skull.

What are the symptoms of a braintumour in adults?

Symptoms of brain tumours vary according to the type of tumour and the location. Because different areas of the brain control different functions of the body, where the tumour lies affects the way it's manifested.

Some tumours have no symptoms until they are quite large and then cause a serious, rapid decline in health. Other tumours may have symptoms that develop slowly.

A common initial symptom of a brain tumour is headaches, but a lot of things besides a brain tumour can cause headaches. However, brain tumour headaches may be described as worse in the morning and then better after a couple of hours. Often they occur when a person is sleeping and will cause the person to wake up. The headache may be accompanied by vomiting and may get worse when the person changes position, coughs or exercises. The headaches also typically don't respond well to the usual headache remedies.

Other common symptoms include:

·         Seizures

·         Changes in speech or hearing

·         Changes in vision

·         Balance problems

·         Problems with walking

·         Numbness or tingling in the arms or legs

·         Problems with memory

·         Personality changes

·         Inability to concentrate

·         Weakness in one part of the body

It's important to keep in mind that these symptoms can be caused by a number of different conditions. You shouldn't assume you have a brain tumour just because you experience some of them. Seek medical advice if you are concerned.

How are brain tumours diagnosed?

The doctor starts by asking questions about your symptoms and taking a personal and family health history. Then he or she performs a physical examination, including a neurological examination. If there's reason to suspect a brain tumour, the doctor may request one or more of the following tests:

·         Scanning tests such as a CT (CAT) scan or MRI to see detailed images of the brain.

·         Angiogram, which involves the use of dye and X-rays of blood vessels in the brain to look for signs of blockage.

·         Spinal tap/Lumbar puncture, which examines fluid taken from the spinal cord.

The doctor may also ask for a biopsy to determine whether or not the tumour is cancer. A tissue sample is removed from the brain either during surgery to remove the tumour or with a needle inserted through a small hole drilled into the skull before treatment is started. The sample is then sent to a laboratory to see if there is any cancer present.

Brain Tumor Treatment at World Best Cancer Hospitals in India

• Surgery : Surgery is often the first treatment if the tumour can be removed without causing harm to the surrounding brain tissue. Treatment of brain cancer is usually complex. Most treatment plans involve several consulting doctors.The team of doctors includes neurosurgeons (surgical specialists in the brain and nervous system), oncologists, radiation oncologists (doctors who practice radiation therapy), and of course, your primary health-care provider. A patient's team may include a dietitian, a social worker, a physical therapist, and probably other specialists.
• Chemotherapy : Chemotherapy is not used to treat all brain tumours. It may be used for people with high-grade primary brain tumours, either as an initial treatment alongside radiotherapy, or where the tumour has come back. In this situation, chemotherapy is unlikely to be able to cure a brain tumour, but it can sometimes shrink a tumour down or slow its growth, which can reduce symptoms.
• Radiation therapy : Radiation therapy (also called radiotherapy) is the use of high-energy rays to kills tumor cells, thereby stopping them from growing and multiplying.Radiation therapy may be used for people who cannot undergo surgery. In other cases, it is used after surgery to kill any tumor calls that may remain. Radiation therapy is a local therapy. This means that it affects only cells in its path. It does not harm cells elsewhere in the body or even elsewhere in the brain
  
  Latest and Advanced Treatment options for Brain Tumor in India

Brain Tumor is no more a scary health condition as modern technology and advanced surgical modalities now offer near perfect clinical outcomes and the patients can soon return to normal life after surgery.

Brain Suite - Intra-operative MR Navigation Microsurgery

Trans-Nasal Endoscopic Removal of brain Tumor through the nose

Stereotactic Radiosurgery - Gamma Knife & Novalis TX

Tumor Embolization using Neuro Interventional Radiology

CyberKnife Radiosurgery